Lithium silicates are widely recognized as the best treatment for expanding the service life of concrete by improving its durability.  And although lithium silicates are primarily used in commercial and industrial applications (warehouse floors), they are now increasingly being used in residential applications (driveways) to provide long-term protection against surface deterioration and water penetration.  But the differences between lithium silicates and sodium or potassium silicates can be confusing and difficult to understand.  Therefore, to simplify the research process for potential clients, Sealwize would like to explain why we have discontinued use of potassium silicate based products in favor of lithium silicate based products: superior performance. 

1. Lithium is Non-Expansive:
Sodium and potassium silicates can form an expansive alkali-silica gel in concrete that absorbs moisture and expands, and then dries out and contracts.  This is why even properly cured concrete can sometimes develop crazing or map cracking after the application of sodium and potassium products. The reaction of lithium in concrete is non-expansive and therefore will not contribute to crazing, map cracking, or Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR).

2. Less Water Solubility:
Lithium silicates do not absorb water as is the case with most sodium and potassium based products. The resulting structure is more water resistant with easier maintenance.

3. Deeper Penetration:
Lithium ions are smaller than sodium and potassium ions so they penetrate deeper into the concrete substrate.  Deeper penetration will ensure better performance.

4. More Even Reactivity:
Lithium reacts more evenly throughout the concrete. Sodium and potassium have a tendency to react more violently and unevenly sometimes leaving clumps of reacted and un-reacted calcium scattered throughout and across the surface.  The result is a more even application without noticeable residue.

5. Will Not Effloresce:
The potential of silicates to form efflorescence is highest with sodium, lower with potassium, and lowest with lithium.  Efflorescence is a white crystal powder that can appear on the surface of concrete when temperatures are low and moisture content is high. 

More detailed information on Lithium Silicate Densifiers is available at Concrete Construction Magazine. 

 Sealwize is the only full service concrete sealing contractor offering commercial grade lithium silicate products in Kansas City.  Know the differences so you can make wize choices!